Vaccines, how do they work/why are people skeptical?
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Started by metmike - Dec. 20, 2020, 11:55 p.m.

What are vaccines, how do they work and why are people sceptical?

https://www.bbc.com/news/world-48186856


Vaccines have saved tens of millions of lives in the past century, yet in many countries health experts have identified a trend towards “vaccine hesitancy” – an increasing refusal to use vaccination.

                                                       

The World Health Organization estimates that vaccines prevented at least 10 million deaths in just five years between 2010 and 2015.  It says vaccines have been one of the biggest success stories of modern medicine.

The World Health Organization (WHO) is so concerned that it has listed this trend as one of the 10 threats to global health in 2019.

Graphic: Chart showing how vaccines work



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By metmike - Dec. 20, 2020, 11:58 p.m.
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Graphic: Chart on cases of mumps, measles and Rubella


Graphic: Chart on the number of cases of polio since 1980


Graphic: Chart on the number of measles cases since 2011

                    


By metmike - Dec. 21, 2020, 12:10 a.m.
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These 12 Vaccines Saved the Most Lives

https://247wallst.com/special-report/2020/05/05/these-12-vaccines-saved-the-most-lives/2/

Smallpox
> Estimated deaths before widespread immunity: 300 million in the 20th century
> Vaccine introduced: 1796
> Vaccine impact: 5 million lives a year saved

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

Pertussis (Whooping cough)
> Estimated deaths before widespread immunity: 160,000 a year worldwide
> Vaccine introduced: 1914
> Vaccine impact: 160,700 lives a year saved

+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

Tetanus (Lockjaw)
> Estimated deaths before widespread immunity: 787,000 a year worldwide
> Vaccine introduced: 1924
> Vaccine impact: 96% reduction in mortality since 1988

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

Diphtheria
> Estimated deaths before widespread immunity: 15,000 Americans in the 1920s
> Vaccine introduced: 1921
> Vaccine impact: Almost 100% decrease in cases

+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

Measles
> Estimated deaths before widespread immunity: 2.6 million a year worldwide
> Vaccine introduced: 1963
> Vaccine impact: 23.2 million lives saved between 2000-2018

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

Seasonal Influenza (Flu)
> Estimated deaths before widespread immunity: 290,000 to 650,000 a year worldwide
> Vaccine introduced: 1942
> Vaccine impact: Reduces risk of getting sick by up to 60%

+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

Spanish flu
> Estimated deaths before widespread immunity: 50 million
> Vaccine introduced: 1942
> Vaccine impact: Cross-protection from multiple related strains

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

Polio
> Estimated deaths before widespread immunity: About 50,000 between 1910 and 1960
> Vaccine introduced: 1953
> Vaccine impact: Disease is nearly eradicated worldwide

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

Ebola
> Estimated deaths before widespread immunity: 11,310 between 2014 and 2016
> Vaccine introduced: 2015
> Vaccine impact: Vaccine is effective 97.5% of the time

+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

Yellow fever
> Estimated deaths before widespread immunity: 5,000 in 1793 in US
> Vaccine introduced: 1935
> Vaccine impact: Lifelong protection for most people

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

Cholera
> Estimated deaths before widespread immunity: Up to 143,000 worldwide
> Vaccine introduced: 1885
> Vaccine impact: 65%-85% protection for up to 5 years

+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

Hib (Haemophilus influenzae type b)
> Estimated deaths before widespread immunity: 371,000 a year
> Vaccine introduced: 1990s
> Vaccine impact: Lowers the risk of invasive disease

By metmike - Dec. 21, 2020, 12:15 a.m.
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By metmike - Dec. 21, 2020, 12:22 a.m.
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HPV Facts Ad 2018https://www.alabamapublichealth.gov/immunization/cancer-prevention-vaccines.html



HPV Vaccine

By metmike - Dec. 21, 2020, 12:26 a.m.
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HPV and Cancer

There are more than 150 strains of HPV, and while most cases of HPV infection usually resolve on their own, there are more than 40 strains that can cause cancer.

https://www.kff.org/womens-health-policy/fact-sheet/the-hpv-vaccine-access-and-use-in-the-u-s/




By metmike - Dec. 21, 2020, 12:34 a.m.
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metmike: You may be surprised to find out that warts anywhere on your body are caused by the HPV virus!


Everything You Should Know About Flat Warts

https://www.healthline.com/health/skin-disorders/flat-warts


 What causes flat warts?

All warts are caused by human papillomavirus (HPV), which has more than 100 different types. Flat warts are caused by HPV types 3, 10, 28, and 49. These strains are benign, unlike genital HPV, which can lead to cervical cancer in women.

What causes flat warts? »

HPV is contagious and passed from person to person by touching a wart or using a towel or other personal object that’s been in contact with a wart. The virus enters through a cut or scratch on your skin. You can also spread it from one part of your body to another.

 Who is at an increased risk for warts?

Non-genital warts occur in 7 to 10 percentTrusted Source of the population. Most of the cases occur in young people between the ages of 12 and 16. Warts are among the three most common skin ailments treated, and occur equally in males and females.

Children are most likely to get warts because they often have cuts or scratches on their skin and can be in close contact with many other children. Young people who are beginning to shave are also at increased risk because of razor cuts to the face, neck, or legs. 

Teens and others with acne or pimples may touch their face more and scratch or pick at their skin, which can provide an entry point for HPV.

People with a weakened immune system due to chronic diseases, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, drugs, or other factors are at higher risk for HPV.

Poor hygiene can also increase your risk for warts. 

By cutworm - Feb. 2, 2021, 12:13 a.m.
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By metmike - Feb. 3, 2021, 5:41 p.m.
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Thanks very much dr. cutworm...........good information!


From the story:

Both mRNA COVID-19 vaccines that Pfizer/BioNTech and Moderna have developed cannot cause COVID-19. They do not carry the full information for our cells to make the SARS-CoV-2 virus, and therefore, cannot cause an infection.

By metmike - Feb. 3, 2021, 5:57 p.m.
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I was vaccinated along with my 85 year old mother in law last Tuesday.

We both have serious arthritis and both felt a bit more pain than usual for less than a day but hardly noticeable.

I actually had to convince her to go because one of my wife's sister's scared her.

By metmike - Feb. 6, 2021, noon
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we both will get our 2nd shot 23 days after the first shot.

By metmike - Feb. 21, 2021, 9:10 a.m.
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Neither of us had much reaction to the first shot. She didn’t want to go out last week because of the heavy snow, so I rescheduled for this Thursday.