A little about survey bias.
Survey Sampling Bias (stattrek.com)
Bias Due to Unrepresentative Samples
A good sample is representative. This means that each sample point represents the attributes of a known number of population elements.
Bias often occurs when the survey sample does not accurately represent the population. The bias that results from an unrepresentative sample is called selection bias. Some common examples of selection bias are described below.
How did this happen? The survey relied on a convenience sample, drawn from telephone directories and car registration lists. In 1936, people who owned cars and telephones tended to be more affluent. Undercoverage is often a problem with convenience samples.
The Literary Digest experience illustrates a common problem with mail surveys. Response rate is often low, making mail surveys vulnerable to nonresponse bias.
Bias Due to Measurement Error
A poor measurement process can also lead to bias. In survey research, the measurement process includes the environment in which the survey is conducted, the way that questions are asked, and the state of the survey respondent.
Response bias refers to the bias that results from problems in the measurement process. Some examples of response bias are given below.
Sampling Error and Survey Bias
A survey produces a sample statistic, which is used to estimate a population parameter. If you repeated a survey many times, using different samples each time, you might get a different sample statistic with each replication. And each of the different sample statistics would be an estimate for the same population parameter.
If the statistic is unbiased, the average of all the statistics from all possible samples will equal the true population parameter; even though any individual statistic may differ from the population parameter. The variability among statistics from different samples is called sampling error.
Thanks cutworm,
Massive bias exists in almost every realm of society. Here's one that I've posted here a couple dozen times.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1182327/
Gatekeepers with bias, use it on members of society that are most likely to believe in the data because they too share in the same bias.
Cognitivebiases are systematic patterns of deviation from norm and/or rationality in judgment. They are often studied in psychology, sociology and behavioral economics.[1]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_cognitive_biases
Go ahead and read many of them. You should be able to recognize a great deal of them and identify personally with some and for sure agree with seeing it in you and others during your life. This includes everybody reading this post, including me.